226 OLIVE OILS AND HEALTH ATHEROMA PLAQUE/S (See ARTERIOSCLEROSIS) ATHEROPROTECTION (See ARTERIOSCLEROSIS) ATHEROSCLEROSIS (See ARTERIOSCLEROSIS) ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES (See ARTERIOSCLEROSIS) ATHEROTROMBOSIS (See ARTERIOSCLEROSIS and THROMBOSIS) ATOPY Hereditary predisposition to develop allergic reactions with an abnormally high frequency. ATOPIC ECZEMA Also known as allergic eczema or atopic dermatitis, it affects approximately 20% of children and up to 3% of the adult population worldwide. It is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition with a wide range of symptoms, including redness, swelling, and itching. Although it is not caused by allergies, it is often associated with asthma or seasonal allergies. In some individuals, it may resolve during early adulthood. ATP (See ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE) ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or AURICULAR FIBRILLATION Atrial fibrillation is a heart condition that causes a very rapid and irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia). It is a serious condition that can lead to the formation of blood clots in the heart, which may travel to other parts of the body, such as the brain, causing a stroke, or block peripheral arteries (peripheral arterial embolism). It also increases the risk of heart failure and other cardiovascular complications. Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia seen in clinical practice. (Auricular fibrillation is an older term still occasionally used.) AURICULAR FIBRILLATION (See ATRIAL FIBRILLATION) ∆5-AVENASTEROL (See MINOR COMPOUNDS / Triterpenoids / Phytosterols) B LYMPHOCYTES (See IMMUNE SYSTEM) B VITAMINS B vitamins are water-soluble and present in many foods. Because of their solubility, they can be lost when food is cooked in water. If consumed in excess, they are eliminated through the urine. There are eight distinct B vitamins, all of which play essential roles
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