227 Virgin Olive Oil Benefits in metabolism. A deficiency in one or more of these vitamins (avitaminosis) may result in different diseases. B VITAMINS FOODS ILLNESSES CAUSED BY B VITAMIN DEFICIENCY B1 (thiamine) cereal grains, seeds (especially sesame), pulses, wheatgerm, watermelon, pork, … beriberi (primarily affects the nervous system (dry beriberi) and the cardiovascular system (wet beriberi). B2 (vitamin G; riboflavin) milk, yoghurt, cottage cheese, wholemeal bread, cereals, egg white, green vegetables, meat, liver, kidney, … Ariboflavinosis (cracked lips, sunlight photosensitivity, inflamed tongue, seborrhoeic dermatitis, pharyngitis). B3 (vitamin P; vitamin PP; niacin) lean meat, milk, eggs, wholemeal bread, cereals, walnuts, green vegetables, protein-rich foods, … deficiency, together with low tryptophan levels, causes pellagra (aggressiveness, dermatitis, insomnia, weakness, confusion, and diarrhoea) B5 (pantothenic acid) liver, kidney, eggs, meat, peanuts, pulses, … acne and paraesthesia (tingling, numbness, etc., due to central or peripheral nervous system disorders). Rare. B6 (pyridoxine; pyridoxamine) cereal grains, pulses, green vegetables, fish, crustaceans, meat, poultry, walnuts, liver, fruit, … anaemia, clinical depression, dermatitis, high blood pressure. B8 (vitamin H; vitamin Bw; biotin) cauliflower, egg yolk, peanuts, liver, chicken, mushrooms, … growth problems and neurological disorders in children. B9 (vitamin M; vitamin Bc; folic acid; folate) green vegetables, pulses, seeds, liver, poultry, eggs, cereals, citrus fruits (oranges, lemons), bananas, melons, strawberries, nuts (e.g. walnuts), … increased homocysteine levels in adults and, in pregnant women, may cause foetal defects (see also “Neural tube”). B12 (cyanocobalamin) nearly all animal-based foods anaemia, memory loss, and other cognitive impairments (more common in older people due to age-related malabsorption). BACTEROIDETES (See MICROBIOTA)
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