240 OLIVE OILS AND HEALTH instance, the “Report from the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN-2020-007)” [in Spanish]: https://www.aesan.gob.es/AECOSAN/docs/documentos/seguridad_alimentaria/ evaluacion_riesgos/informes_comite/CURCUMINA.pdf (last accessed September 2025). CUTICULAR WAXES Waxes that externally coat plants, protecting them from desiccation and acting as a barrier to pathogen entry. CYCLOOXYGENASE (See EICOSANOIDS) CYTOKINE/S (See INFLAMMATION) DECANTATION A process used to separate, by gravity (weight), two or more immiscible substances with different densities, at least one of which must be a liquid. DECANTERS Containers used to separate oil from water and any accompanying solid impurities. DEOXYPYRIDINOLINE (See BONE) DETOXIFICATION The process by which the human body neutralises and removes substances that are toxic and harmful to the organism (toxins). Fat-soluble toxic compounds such as drugs, insecticides, herbicides, medicinal drugs, industrial chemicals, etc. are primarily detoxified in the liver, although this process also takes place in the intestine, kidneys, skin, and lungs. The most important detoxification reactions are carried out by the cytochrome P450 enzymatic system (a group of enzymes responsible for the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics). (See also Xenobiotics) DEXAMETHASONE (See PHYSIOLOGY / Endocrine system / Hormones / Glucocorticoids) DIABETES (See DIABETES MELLITUS) DIABETES MELLITUS This topic refers only to the type of diabetes related to glucose control (diabetes mellitus). There is another form, diabetes insipidus, in which patients also produce large amounts of urine, but the cause is a disorder affecting the production or action of antidiuretic hormone. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with multiple causes, characterised by elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia) and disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates,
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