320 OLIVE OILS AND HEALTH POSTPRANDIAL HYPERLIPIDAEMIA or POSTPRANDIAL LIPEMIA After a meal, fats (lipids) and other nutrients are digested, and their digestion products enter the bloodstream. In the case of fats, this leads to an increase in fatty acids, cholesterol, and triglycerides in the blood. Under normal conditions, the body processes these excess lipids by converting them into other compounds, using them for energy, or storing them in tissues. Postprandial hyperlipidaemia occurs when, 6 to 8 hours after eating, blood lipid levels remain elevated instead of returning to normal. (See also “Postprandial”) POSTPRANDIAL LIPEMIA (See POSTPRANDIAL HYPERLIPIDAEMIA) PPARG2 (See PEROXISOME PROLIFERATORS) PPARG2 Pro12Ala (See PEROXISOME PROLIFERATORS) PREBIOTICS (See MICROBIOTA) PRECISION NUTRITION Its objective is to provide the best possible dietary recommendations to prevent or treat disease, based on individual characteristics. Particularly relevant are features derived from the study of each person’s genome (the full set of hereditary material arranged in chromosomes), epigenome, proteins, metabolic profile, and even the genetic features of their microbiota. These studies offer valuable information about how different individuals respond to diet in general and to specific nutrients. Precision nutrition can go even further by incorporating more holistic aspects not focused on disease, but rather on well-being and other indicators of positive health. This includes considering various lifestyle factors such as physical activity, smoking, alcohol and drug use, sleep duration, mealtimes, work schedules and type, stress, happiness, and other relevant aspects specific to that individual. At the same time, personal preferences, such as desired or avoided foods, preferred flavours, and cooking methods, etc. should also be taken into account. (Main source: Corella D, Ordovás JM. Role of omics in precision nutrition: strengths and weaknesses (Papel de las ómicas en la nutrición de precisión: fortalezas y debilidades). Nutr Hosp 2018;35(N.º Extra. 4):10-18. - future nutrition This term refers to precision nutrition (also known as personalised nutrition), as it relies on emerging paradigms and advanced technologies. - personalised nutrition See “Precision nutrition”
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