145 Virgin Olive Oil Benefits 11.9. References – For further knowledge Guasch-Ferré M, Merino J, Sun Q, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Dietary Polyphenols, Mediterranean Diet, Prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Evidence. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017;2017:6723931. doi:10.1155/2017/6723931 López-Miranda J, Pérez-Jiménez F, Ros E, et al. Olive oil and health: Summary of the II international conference on olive oil and health consensus report, Jaén and Córdoba (Spain) 2008. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010;20(4):284-294. doi:10.1016/j. numecd.2009.12.007 Pérez-Martínez P, Mikhailidis DP, Athyros VG, et al. Lifestyle recommendations for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome: an international panel recommendation. Nutr Rev 2017;75(5):307-326. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nux014 Yubero-Serrano EM, Lopez-Moreno J, Gomez-Delgado F, Lopez-Miranda J. Extra virgin olive oil: More than a healthy fat. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019;72(1):8-17. doi:10.1038/s41430018-0304-x hypoglycaemic medication. Therefore, to avoid insulin resistance and diabetes risk, it is recommended to substitute sauces and salad dressings containing sunflower or other vegetable oils with virgin olive oil. Finally, in other studies with overweight type 2 diabetes patients, ingestion of 25mg/day of virgin olive oil for 4 weeks reduced fasting blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin (a molecule showing an individual’s average blood glucose level for the previous 2 to 3 months), and inflammatory adipokine concentration. 11.8. Conclusion Scientific evidence from clinical trials focusing on the beneficial effects of virgin olive oil endorses its consumption for metabolic syndrome prevention and management. Nevertheless, the complexity of focusing on single dietary components, as opposed to considering diet as a whole, should be taken into account. Beneficial effects associated with virgin olive oil consumption could be attributed to its phenolic compounds, to an interaction between phenolic compounds and monounsaturated fatty acids, or to a synergy among virgin olive oil components and other foods consumed as part of the Mediterranean diet. In order to establish dietary recommendations for metabolic syndrome prevention or remission further knowledge is required concerning the molecular and physiological mechanisms related to the beneficial effects of virgin olive oil on health.
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